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Lua Manual

Lua 5.1 Reference Manual

This is an online version of

Lua 5.1 Reference Manual
by R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes
Lua.org, August 2006
ISBN 85-903798-3-3
 

Buy a paper copy and help to support the Lua project.

start · contents · index · errata

 

Copyright © 2006-2007 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. Freely available under the terms of the Lua license.

Contents

1 - Introduction

2 - The Language

2.1 - Lexical Conventions

2.2 - Values and Types

2.2.1 - Coercion

2.3 - Variables

2.4 - Statements

2.4.1 - Chunks

2.4.2 - Blocks

2.4.3 - Assignment

2.4.4 - Control Structures

2.4.5 - For Statement

2.4.6 - Function Calls as Statements

2.4.7 - Local Declarations

2.5 - Expressions

2.5.1 - Arithmetic Operators

2.5.2 - Relational Operators

2.5.3 - Logical Operators

2.5.4 - Concatenation

2.5.5 - The Length Operator

2.5.6 - Precedence

2.5.7 - Table Constructors

2.5.8 - Function Calls

2.5.9 - Function Definitions

2.6 - Visibility Rules

2.7 - Error Handling

2.8 - Metatables

2.9 - Environments

2.10 - Garbage Collection

2.10.1 - Garbage-Collection Metamethods

2.10.2 - Weak Tables

2.11 - Coroutines

3 - The Application Program Interface

3.1 - The Stack

3.2 - Stack Size

3.3 - Pseudo-Indices

3.4 - C Closures

3.5 - Registry

3.6 - Error Handling in C

3.7 - Functions and Types

3.8 - The Debug Interface

4 - The Auxiliary Library

4.1 - Functions and Types

5 - Standard Libraries

5.1 - Basic Functions

5.2 - Coroutine Manipulation

5.3 - Modules

5.4 - String Manipulation

5.4.1 - Patterns

5.5 - Table Manipulation

5.6 - Mathematical Functions

5.7 - Input and Output Facilities

5.8 - Operating System Facilities

5.9 - The Debug Library

6 - Lua Stand-alone

7 - Incompatibilities with the Previous Version

7.1 - Changes in the Language

7.2 - Changes in the Libraries

7.3 - Changes in the API

8 - The Complete Syntax of Lua

Index

Lua functions

_G

_VERSION

assert

collectgarbage

dofile

error

getfenv

getmetatable

ipairs

load

loadfile

loadstring

module

next

pairs

pcall

print

rawequal

rawget

rawset

require

select

setfenv

setmetatable

tonumber

tostring

type

unpack

xpcall

 

coroutine.create

coroutine.resume

coroutine.running

coroutine.status

coroutine.wrap

coroutine.yield

debug.debug

debug.getfenv

debug.gethook

debug.getinfo

debug.getlocal

debug.getmetatable

debug.getregistry

debug.getupvalue

debug.setfenv

debug.sethook

debug.setlocal

debug.setmetatable

debug.setupvalue

debug.traceback

file:close

file:flush

file:lines

file:read

file:seek

file:setvbuf

file:write

io.close

io.flush

io.input

io.lines

io.open

io.output

io.popen

io.read

io.tmpfile

io.type

io.write

math.abs

math.acos

math.asin

math.atan2

math.atan

math.ceil

math.cosh

math.cos

math.deg

math.exp

math.floor

math.fmod

math.frexp

math.huge

math.ldexp

math.log10

math.log

math.max

math.min

math.modf

math.pi

math.pow

math.rad

math.random

math.randomseed

math.sinh

math.sin

math.sqrt

math.tanh

math.tan

os.clock

os.date

os.difftime

os.execute

os.exit

os.getenv

os.remove

os.rename

os.setlocale

os.time

os.tmpname

package.cpath

package.loaded

package.loadlib

package.path

package.preload

package.seeall

string.byte

string.char

string.dump

string.find

string.format

string.gmatch

string.gsub

string.len

string.lower

string.match

string.rep

string.reverse

string.sub

string.upper

table.concat

table.insert

table.maxn

table.remove

table.sort

 

C API

lua_Alloc

lua_CFunction

lua_Debug

lua_Hook

lua_Integer

lua_Number

lua_Reader

lua_State

lua_Writer

lua_atpanic

lua_call

lua_checkstack

lua_close

lua_concat

lua_cpcall

lua_createtable

lua_dump

lua_equal

lua_error

lua_gc

lua_getallocf

lua_getfenv

lua_getfield

lua_getglobal

lua_gethook

lua_gethookcount

lua_gethookmask

lua_getinfo

lua_getlocal

lua_getmetatable

lua_getstack

lua_gettable

lua_gettop

lua_getupvalue

lua_insert

lua_isboolean

lua_iscfunction

lua_isfunction

lua_islightuserdata

lua_isnil

lua_isnumber

lua_isstring

lua_istable

lua_isthread

lua_isuserdata

lua_lessthan

lua_load

lua_newstate

lua_newtable

lua_newthread

lua_newuserdata

lua_next

lua_objlen

lua_pcall

lua_pop

lua_pushboolean

lua_pushcclosure

lua_pushcfunction

lua_pushfstring

lua_pushinteger

lua_pushlightuserdata

lua_pushlstring

lua_pushnil

lua_pushnumber

lua_pushstring

lua_pushthread

lua_pushvalue

lua_pushvfstring

lua_rawequal

lua_rawget

lua_rawgeti

lua_rawset

lua_rawseti

lua_register

lua_remove

lua_replace

lua_resume

lua_setallocf

lua_setfenv

lua_setfield

lua_setglobal

lua_sethook

lua_setlocal

lua_setmetatable

lua_settable

lua_settop

lua_setupvalue

lua_status

lua_toboolean

lua_tocfunction

lua_tointeger

lua_tolstring

lua_tonumber

lua_topointer

lua_tostring

lua_tothread

lua_touserdata

lua_type

lua_typename

lua_upvalueindex

lua_xmove

lua_yield

 

auxiliary library

luaL_Buffer

luaL_Reg

luaL_addchar

luaL_addlstring

luaL_addsize

luaL_addstring

luaL_addvalue

luaL_argcheck

luaL_argerror

luaL_buffinit

luaL_callmeta

luaL_checkany

luaL_checkint

luaL_checkinteger

luaL_checklong

luaL_checklstring

luaL_checknumber

luaL_checkoption

luaL_checkstack

luaL_checkstring

luaL_checktype

luaL_checkudata

luaL_dofile

luaL_dostring

luaL_error

luaL_getmetafield

luaL_getmetatable

luaL_gsub

luaL_loadbuffer

luaL_loadfile

luaL_loadstring

luaL_newmetatable

luaL_newstate

luaL_openlibs

luaL_optint

luaL_optinteger

luaL_optlong

luaL_optlstring

luaL_optnumber

luaL_optstring

luaL_prepbuffer

luaL_pushresult

luaL_ref

luaL_register

luaL_typename

luaL_typerror

luaL_unref

luaL_where

 

 

Last update: Fri Mar 23 08:33:19 BRT 2007