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A flow control valve (FCV) is a link. The flow setting for a FCV is the maximum rate of flow which the FCV will allow as throughput. If more flow is available from the system, the FCV will limit the flow to the set rate and will be in ACTIVE mode. If less flow than the set rate is available from the system, the FCV will be in OPEN mode. If, for some reason, the system is configured such that reverse flow should occur through the FCV, it will be in CLOSED mode. The operational mode of the FCV (OPEN, ACTIVE, CLOSED) is indicated in the balanced results. A FCV link has no length associated with it. Although it is not a specific requirement, elevations of the beginning and ending nodes of the FCV link should be the same. Flow direction is from beginning node towards ending node.
In general, for improved mathematical stability of the network solver, the beginning and/or ending nodes of a FCV should not coincide with the beginning or end node of any other special link types, such as check valves, pumps, and flow or pressure control valves (such as pressure reducing valves, pressure sustaining valves, and pressure breaker valves).