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Storage tanks in a water distribution system balance peaks in the water demand, and also provide additional storage for emergency situations, such as power failures and pipe breaks. The storage volume for both these functions is contained in a single structure. That part of the storage volume which serves the balancing function, is referred to as the "balancing volume" of the tank. The magnitude of this volume depends mainly on the sizes of components (such as pipes and pumps) in the system and the intensity and duration of peaks in the water demand.